Expanding the Garden Over the Past Few Years

My Florida vegetable garden journey began in 2021. Here’s what I’ve accomplished in the past three years.

Once I chose to go into the backyard, and begin seriously growing vegetables, I realized I had a lot to learn. I also needed a lot more space.

Summer 2021

I learned to garden in New England. When I moved back to Florida I hoped to be able to grow some vegetables at least. In the summer of 2021 I purchased three, red-orange grow boxes and put them on the back patio.

These boxes have a tube in the corner and watering is supposed to be done through the tube. The idea is to pour water into the tube and water the roots. I also water from the top.

I bought my boxes at Home Depot and they are similar to this style available at Amazon: Emsco Group Bountiful Harvest Raised Grow Box (paid link). They have rolling castors so moving the box on a patio is pretty easy.

Grow Box as Seed Nursery

One issue I have with these grow boxes is that they are not very deep. The lower area of the pot is reserved for water to accumulate, so they are more shallow than they appear. These pots are perfect for starting seeds. Once the seedlings are big enough, they can be transplanted to bigger pots, or into the ground.

To avoid the problem of dirt sifting down into the bottom, I clean all dirt out of the box, remove the panel with the holes, and drill holes in the box bottom. A layer of mulch and stones will work for drainage. Now the box is more like a big plastic pot.

Spring 2022

I actually grew a few peppers in 2021. I was so stunned to find that peppers (and other things, like eggplant) would continue to live for years here! Eventually they don’t do very well, but I knew this climate was going to be a challenge.

In 2022 I tried starting seeds in egg shells. It was a fail. Not worth the effort. In fact, starting seeds in small pots is not easy, and frankly, a waste of time.

This was the year I began to compost. I bought the Hot Frog composter (which I am still using).

My son built a few raised beds from wood and white barrels he got from work. I still had nothing growing in the ground.

First in-ground Garden Area, 2023

March of 2023 was when I decided to till the lawn and create some in-ground gardens for vegetables. I bought a rototiller and made a little area of dirt. After that, I began to use cardboard to kill the grass and create more gardens.

Cardboard takes longer, but it keeps all the good grass and topsoil undisturbed. It simply dies from being covered and becomes part of the soil.

To plant over cardboard that is not completely decomposed, use a hand fork and chop the cardboard and earth. Add amendments, and plant.

Summer 2024

I still use the red grow boxes, although they have faded to pink over the years. These grow boxes are best for growing vegetables that have shallow roots. I now have seven boxes. They are perfect for growing onions, half-long carrots, and greens. I use them as seed starters too.

Now, I am beginning to feel pretty confident about which crops to grow. I’m still in the experimental stage with some things. Gardening is an ongoing learning adventure!

vegetable border
Keep on growing…

Photos of My Summer Zinnias

Zinnias are some of the brightest flowers that can be added to the garden. Bees and butterflies use them for food, and even a place to sleep. The flowers are long lasting and the seeds are easy to save.

Last year (2023) I grew zinnias for the first time. I’m not sure why I never grew them before in Florida, but I’ll always grow them from now on.

Look at the colors! The reds are so bright, and the orange is so true. The hot pinks are incredible, and the butterfly thinks so too! I think it is a Monarch.

The bees and butterflies especially love the Zinnias with those yellow centers. It’s where they eat and gather pollen.

A Zinnia flower will change day by day as the petals open and the center grows. They are quite long lasting also.

I’m partial to the flowers with lots of petals that create layers. Sometimes I find a bee nestled inside those petals. What a fun place to sleep.

Save the Seeds

Zinnias are direct sow, so put the big seeds right into the dirt. Saving Zinnia seeds is also easy. Each petal has a seed at the end. I cut off the flower heads when they seem to be gone by and drying out, and place them into a box to dry further. I will be writing a separate post about saving the seeds, but that is pretty much it.

Zinnia seed and petal
Zinnia seed

I leave the flowers whole, but usually they become so dry that the petals fall out. Sometimes I can still see the color of the original flower. Every photo you see on this page (except the Florets) came from seeds I saved from last year’s flowers.

I also read at the UF/IFAS extension that the flowers with few rows of petals should be tossed! What? Why? I disagree.

Zinnia Disease

This year I learned that Zinnias can get a spotted leaf disease called bacterial leaf spot. And sure enough, most of mine had it. They can also get powdery mildew on the leaves. (Pegplant’s page lists some varieties that are mildew resistant.)

One way to help prevent both problems, is to give them space to grow. Air flow helps, but I live in a very humid place, so I’m not sure these things can be avoided. Overhead watering is a no-no for these flowers also.

Zinnia Varieties Less Susceptible to Disease

I can’t remember where I saw this information, but I wrote it down. This list is the varieties of Zinnia that supposedly are less susceptible to disease. The Southern Exposure Seed Exchange has the Marylandica variety (also called Zahara), but it’s currently out of stock. It has small, white, daisy-like flowers.

  • angustifolia
  • marylandica
  • crystal
  • star (bright?)
  • profusion

The varieties to avoid, for disease, are “elegans” and “heageana“, which seem to be the most likely available! I think all of mine are Zinnia elegans.

I found some Zinnia marylandica seeds at a shop on Etsy and will give them a try.

zinnia garden

I hope you are having a wonderful summer. If you love to grow Zinnias, I’d love to hear about them.

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Growing Suave Nu Mex Peppers

This year I am growing the Suave Nu Mex peppers, which are not going to be hot peppers. They should be orange in color and not red like the hot ones. After starting from seed, I have two plants growing and doing well.

Peppers, of all kinds, would be fabulous to have growing in my backyard. I use onions daily, and I would use peppers too, if I had them. This year I am growing the orange Suave Nu Mex peppers for the first time. (Not the hot ones.)

Pepper plants are tough to grow. I had trouble growing them when I lived in New Hampshire, because they would just be starting to have nice looking peppers, and the season would be over. They were purchased as seedlings, but the the short summer was a downfall. Now, in Florida, I have a long season, but the peppers were still not easy for me to grow.

I began my peppers from seeds, in small pots. I tried to keep them going over the winter months, but they didn’t do well. Most of the seedlings ended up dying. Then, the older plants got some sort of disease.

Because my seedlings were have such troubles, I waited for Spring (Feb.) to plant the Nu Mex seeds outside in one of the grow boxes. I waited to see what would grow, and ended up with 2 plants. Yup, only two.

It is now June, and I have one Nu Mex still growing in the box where it began. The other has been transplanted to a plastic pot. Eventually, I will re-plant it somewhere.

Florida Gardening Conditions

  • Hot, heat, sun, blazing high temps.
  • Too much drenching rain, OR not enough rain (we just have over 2 months with NO rain in my area! Temps are reaching over 100.
  • Gardens need sun, but it’s too much for some plants. Must supply shade.
  • Humidity… lots of it.

My dilemma is that the boxes are great for starting plants from seed outdoors. But, those boxes are not very deep. They are better for shallow rooted crops. A Nu Mex can be 4 feet tall, and I’m sure it has an extensive root system. It really needs to be in the ground.

Anything growing in the ground in my yard, is open to raccoons harvesting my produce. They will rip the peppers right off the plant, as they do with tomatoes, eggplant, watermelon, and whatever else is in their line of sight. It’s a conundrum.

About the Suave Nu Mex Variety

The Suave Nu Mex (orange) peppers will look like habanero peppers, but won’t be hot like those. It means I can use them in meals without worrying about the heat. At least this is the hope!

Watch this video by Elise Pickett of The Urban Harvest, where she discusses which peppers to grow in Florida and how to care for them.

The leaves on the Nu Mex peppers are curled on the edges. I’m not sure if this is a characteristic of the variety, or if it’s a signal that something is wrong. The plants both look healthy, and the larger one has flowers. These plants are about four months old.

The Secret is to Give the Peppers Some Shade

The peppers that grew well from seed looked nice, but I was worried about how much water to give them. The sun is so hot, and it dries the ground pretty fast. But I don’t want to overwater either.

Other Peppers Growing Well

After struggling to get my pepper plants past the seedling stage, I now have these types growing in my little backyard. I wrote a page about them here.

  • 4 Carolina Wonder Bell pepper plants
  • 2 Suave Nu Mex, orange, not hot variety (this page)
  • 2 Aji Dulce spice pepper / seasoning peppers
  • 1 Ancho poblano (2 have already died, so fingers crossed)

Using Umbrellas For Shade in the Garden

I have set up my beach umbrella next to the fire spike – which droops in the sun every day. I’ve arranged some peppers in bags around the bottom and try to remember to open up the umbrella by noon.

Both Nu Mex plants are near my table umbrella, which I put up to block the afternoon sun. All the pepper plants have begun to do much better now that they have less direct sun.

Epsom Salt and Fertilizer

In Ellise’s video (link provided up this page), she talks about adding Epsom salt (paid link) to her pepper plants. About once a month, sprinkle a little around the plants. I have been doing this with all my peppers.

Don’t fertilize too much either or they will grow like mad, but not produce. Once they begin to grow little peppers, they may need more fertilizer. Some places say to fertilize once a month. I’m still in the learning stages and I’m not good at keeping track of when I fertilize what plants.

Umbrella Suggestions

If you want to use a stand alone (beach umbrella) to shade portions of the yard, be sure to get one that screws into the ground. Mine has the screw part attached at the bottom, with fold out handles to screw it in. The top of the umbrella comes completely out, which is nice if it gets super windy. Also the height is adjustable, and it tilts.

The one I bought (back in 2017) is similar to this one on Amazon (this is a paid link), but I’m not sure the quality is the same. The one I have is currently unavailable.

The plastic screw anchor is easy to put into the sandy ground, or take it out to move. Umbrella anchors can be purchased separately, and then you could find a cheap umbrella to use with it. The problem I see with that set up, is the wind. If the umbrella sets into the anchor, it could come out and blow away.

Another option for shade is to buy a shade cloth. I’ve never used one, but they are big and need to be anchored somehow and tied somewhere. This works best if you have a big area to cover.


More stories for my gardening friends…

This is Why I Leave the Dill Alone

If you have an aphid infestation, check regularly for ladybug eggs, larvae and pupa on the plants.

I believe in not being too quick to clean up the garden. It is June, and my old, aphid-filled dill plants are now full of ladybug larvae! This is why I leave plants up after they have grown, bloomed and begun to die.

Dill is one of the great herbs to grow in the garden. Some of my plants have come up on their own. When I see them growing I just leave them. The flowers are gorgeous and feed bees and butterflies. The seeds are easy to gather and save, and black swallowtail butterflies lay eggs here.

Dill does not like the extreme Florida summer heat and the plants are done flowering by June. The seeds have formed, and I did cut one big head off to save the seeds for next Spring. The rest, are still on the plants, which now look pretty awful.

Aphids have found the old dill plant and it is covered in them! But there are also many ladybug larvae and even a ladybug or two.

The day I saw all this larvae, I counted 15 little guys crawling around. They are tiny, and hard to see in the mess of aphids, so there might be even more.

The next day I realized they were beginning to attach and hang – going into the pupa stage.

A few days later the new ladybugs were crawling all over the dried dill stalks.

Newly hatched ladybug exploring the dried dill seeds

Ladybugs on the Hon Tsai Flowering Broccoli

Just a few weeks before the dill ladybugs were noticed, I had watched ladybugs come out of their pupa stage on my Hon Tsai flowering broccoli plant. It was setting seeds, and had some aphids at the top. This was a random plant that grew late in the season.

Ladybugs feed on aphids, so they lay eggs where the “babies” aka larvae, will be able to get food.

Four ladybugs hatched from their “shells” which were attached to the seed stems of this plant. Three ladybugs were solid orange, and one had loads of black spots.

ladybug just hatched
Newly hatched ladybug!

Dill is Feeding the Caterpillars

Even though the dill plants have mostly died and are drying up, I have found two caterpillars on one of them.

There is not much left for them to eat. I’m very surprised that the cardinals have not picked them off by now. I check on the beauties every day, but I have big doubts that they will reach pupa stage.

*Update: the next day one caterpillar was gone and the day after the other one was gone too. I suspect birds needed a meal.

This is a reminder to look closely at what is happening in the garden. Before you decide to rip out that old plant, consider what creatures might need it for shelter, eggs, or food.

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Mimosa Strigillosa, Sunshine, Powderpuff, and Thornless

Be careful when buying sunshine mimosa as a ground cover. I made the mistake of growing the type that has thorns on the stems!

About a year ago I ordered Mimosa seeds. I did not realize there are different varieties of Mimosa and I got the “Sensitive Plant” or “Shameplant”. It is called Mimosa pudica.

What I wanted was the Sunshine Mimosa I had heard so much about. Plant it in the yard to replace grass and feed the insects. Brighten the landscape with pretty pink, puffy flowers. It does not have thorns.

I made a big mistake when I ordered the wrong seeds. The seeds I grew became plants with thorns on the stems.

The One With Thorns

Once my mimosa seeds began to grow, I was so happy. Then, I noticed thorns on the stems. Because the Sunshine Mimosa is known as an excellent ground cover, I was baffled. No one would walk barefoot on this! Animals would hurt their feet as well. I thought I had been steered wrong.

I gave up on Mimosa.

Recently, I saw a post on Instagram by The Urban Harvest. The post was about alternative ground covers, including Sunshine Mimosa. I left a comment that it has thorns, and was quickly corrected. “Sunshine Mimosa does NOT have thorns”. Any they are correct!

So what the heck did I have? I took this photo of the plant in my yard and discovered that it is a mimosa, but the wrong kind. See those thorns? I will probably rip this one out.

mimosa pudica thorns
the Wrong Mimosa

The Sunshine Mimosa is Mimosa strigillosa, or “Powderpuff” and is thornless – and N O T Mimosa quadrivalvis, or pudica. Be sure to know which type you are getting.

Be careful, because the different varieties look very much alike. They both get pink, puffy flowers and have leaves that close up when touched. Both types sprawl, but the thorny one grows taller.

The huge difference is that one has thorns, and the other can be used to replace your grassy yard with a blooming, soft, ground cover.

Where Can I Get a Sunshine Mimosa?

The trouble I had a year ago was that I wanted this ground cover for my yard. I looked for plants and seeds and found NONE. All I found was mimosa seeds from Eden Brothers and so I bought them, not realizing I’d ordered the incorrect type.

The info in the pink box comes from the Florida Wildflower Foundation website. And, YAY they have a link to a place to buy seeds…. but, guess what? No results.

All my favorite online places don’t have seeds. I get very frustrated when I live in Florida and yet have such trouble buying native plants.

I still can’t find Sunshine Mimosa seeds to buy.

I’ll be ripping up the one that has thorns. I don’t want my cats hurting their feet.

Mimosa plant with thorns
Mimosa with thorns

Garden blogging…

So Happy With My Pepper Plants!

I probably shouldn’t say this out loud, but I am very happy with the way my pepper plants are growing! I have yet to pick a pepper, but my fingers are crossed.

Peppers are a vegetable I would LOVE to have growing in my yard. I like them sweet or hot, and preferably would have both types to choose from. I use peppers quite a bit in my cooking, but currently I have to buy them at the store.

You’d think that in this hot climate peppers would grow like mad. In fact, I’ve had bell pepper plants (photos below) that lasted for a few years. But getting a good plant started, and have it grow lovely peppers, can be a challenge.

I still don’t have a car, so the best way for me to grow peppers is to order seeds. Also, most stores / nurseries around here don’t offer the types of pepper I want to grow. If you can buy seedlings to grow, of a variety that works for our climate, that is the way to go. Seeds take forever to turn into lovely plants.

How I Grow Peppers From Seed Successfully

The way to be successful growing peppers, is to plant seeds outside in grow boxes. Plant lots of seeds because most of them may not grow.

Once the little pepper plants grow big enough, separate them by transplanting so each plant has space to grow big. Make sure all soil is full of good nutrients.

The Ancho poblano pepper plants, shown below, were started from seed in the red (faded to pink) grow box. I left one plant in the box and the other two were each given their own fabric pot. I love the flavor, which is not extremely hot when eaten green. I really hope these pepper plants grow well.

These plants were quite tall when I transplanted them because I had been away for two weeks. Usually I would transplant sooner.

*Update on the poblano: Suddenly the two plants in the grow bags drooped horribly. they ended up dying. I still have the one in the square box.

Aji Dulce and Suave NuMex

The Aji Dulce plants were growing side by side in a small pot. I didn’t know if they would separate well, but both plants are doing great. I think the trick is to let them get a good root system established before separating.

The Nu Mex variety (below) were also growing in a red box. Once they were big enough, I transplanted one to a plastic pot, leaving the other in the red box.

Be sure to mark the plants in some way because pepper plants can look a lot alike. Both of these varieties will have peppers that resemble a habanero, but they don’t have the heat.

Carolina Wonder Bell

As an example of what I do, see the box in the photo below. It contains Carolina Wonder Bell pepper plants. I had two larger plants in this box and transplanted one to a big pot. There are still two tiny seedlings coming along (circled), which I will also transplant when they grow up. The remaining plant will stay in this box to continue to grow.

Carolina Wonder Bell pepper plants
Carolina Wonder Bell pepper plants

Don’t Bother With Starting Plants in Small Pots

I’ve found that growing peppers from seed can be difficult. The seeds germinate, and the pepper begins to grow and then, just when I think it will be fine, the thing curls up and dies. This was my experience over the “winter” when I planted seeds in little pots.

Plants do best when growing outdoors. Some people may disagree, but I have little luck with starting seeds and caring for seedlings properly. They have proven this to me by getting bugs and dying. Or, they die once they go outside. In fact the only seedlings that are now growing in the yard, and doing very well, are the Roselle hibiscus.

pepper plants grown from seed
Pepper seedlings are not looking good over winter.

In Florida, we have only a few months (central Florida) where a frost, or freeze, happens. December through February are the usual months to worry about. We can also get very warm days in these months. To be sure the little seedlings won’t freeze, planting outside should take place in March.

Grow Peppers For the South

In our hot and humid Florida climate, certain types of pepper do better than others. This year I have planted all three varieties mentioned on this page and they seem to be doing well, so far.

But take into consideration that I sprinkled seeds all over these boxes and ended up with only a couple of good pepper plants from each variety! But, let’s face it, how many pepper plants does one person need? If these all do well, and give me peppers, I will be more than pleased.

More Tips and Tricks For Pepper Success

  • Pepper plants can continue to grow for a few years in zone 9b. I had a bell pepper that remained outside all winter and survived! But if the plant is in a movable pot, or fabric bag (paid link to Amazon), it can come inside during cold spells.
  • Peppers in pots can also be moved into shade if the sun becomes too much in mid-summer. Right now, most of my peppers are in locations that get afternoon shade. (I put up a beach umbrella for them too.)
  • Pots will hold nutrients and fertilizer better than the ground.
  • Pots help keep critters (raccoons and armadillos) from digging up plants.
  • Give them nutrients. Epsom salts (paid link to Amazon) give peppers and tomatoes the magnesium that they need. I also mix bone meal, kelp meal, blood meal, worm castings, vermiculite, compost, and whatever else I have, into the soil.
  • For more information about growing Florida peppers, view this Video by the Urban Harvest.

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